Many of the stars in the Milky Way Galaxy is small, dark Red dwarfs– is much smaller than the Sun in size and mass. Toi-6894, located far from the ground, is one of them.
Astronomers have previously thought that a star like this could not have large planets circulating it, as its mass is only about 20 percent of the sun, meaning that its planetary system – generated from materials surrounding the star – would not contain enough mass to form a giant body like Saturn Or Jupiter.
But observing TOI-6894, an international research team detected a clear transitional signal supply decline in the glow of a star caused by a planet passing it. This newly discovered planet, called the Toi-6894B, blocks 17 percent of the star’s light, indicating that the planet is quite large. The signal was picked up by the Crossing exoplanet -poll -satellite (Tess), an observational instrument launched by NASA hunt planets orbiting stars outside our solar system.
This makes Toi-6894 “the least mass star known to date to host such a planet,” said Edward Bryant, an astrophysical award at the University of Warwick, in Press statement. The finding seems to increase conventional theories on how planets are formed. “This discovery will be a corner to understanding the ends of a giant planetary formation,” Bryant said.
Astronomers at University College London and the University of Warwick, as part of global cooperation with partners in Chile, the United States, and Europe, went through the data of about 91,000 red dwarf stars observed by Tess before discovering the Toi-6894B planet. After that, the nature of Toi-6894B was explained by further observations Done with other telescopes. According to these, the Radio of Toi-6894B is slightly larger than that of Saturn, but its mass is only about half of the ringed giant. Its density is extremely lightweight by only 0.33 g/cm³, indicating that it is an expansion gas planet.
Toi-6894 is almost 40 percent smaller than the previous record for the smallest star with a planet of this size. This fact presents a serious contradiction to conventional theories of planetary formation.
The widely accepted planetary formation model, the “core accumulation theory,“Proposes that a ring of dust and rocks – known as a protoplanet disk – forms a star, and that materials on this disc then meet to form the cores of planets. A giant gas planet will not grow.
Based on this theory, it is estimated that more than 120 times more solid matter than that of the Earth would be required to form toi-6894B. However, the observed disk surrounding the Star Toi-6894 contains only 58 times the mass of the earth at most. This raises the possibility of an alternative planet formation mechanism existing.
